Cesare Lombroso founded the Italian school of criminology, which was centered around some ideas that today seem pretty sketchy, including the conception of the “atavistic born criminal.” He was a prolific collector of physical specimens, and today his collection is on display at the Museum of Criminal Anthropology in Turin, Italy.
From the Nautilus site (which has tons of other great pictures):
The 400 skulls in his collection, including one belonging to the brigand Giuseppe Villella, were used by Lombroso to develop his theory of the “median occipital fossa”, a cranial anomaly that he believed contributed to deviant behaviour.
On show are drawings, photos, criminal evidence, anatomical sections of “madmen and criminals” and work produced by criminals in the last century. The exhibits also include the Gallows of Turin, which were in use until the city’s final hanging in 1865 and the possessions of a man known as White Stag, a renowned impostor who convinced Europe he was a great Native American chief. […] Lombroso’s own head is also on display, a century down the line, perfectly preserved in a glass chamber.