Roundel from England, ca. 1600. From the V&A Museum:
The 16th-century Reformation had dire consequences for stained-glass making in England. Throughout the period, Puritan hostility to ‘distractive’ imagery in stained glass meant that church windows suffered neglect and were often a target for vandalism. New stained glass was almost exclusively ordered for domestic interiors. Its subjects were restricted to non-biblical imagery such as heraldry and moral messages. True stained glass was increasingly replaced by enamel-painted white glass, the making of which fell to Dutch and German artists.
This roundel belongs to a group of panels painted with moralising images and accompanying Latin inscriptions. The inscriptions are taken from such literary sources as the Bible and the works of the Roman poet Horace (65-8 BC). Death and judgement were preoccupations of the Christian faith and were particularly popular subjects for glazing programmes from the 14th century onwards.
And of course:
The skull on this panel was a familiar reminder of death (memento mori). The hourglass represented the passage of time and the open Bible encouraged the viewer to lead a virtuous Christian life. The candle symbolised the fragility of life which could be snuffed out in an instant.